Biofilms are composed of bacteria adhering to each other or to living or nonliving surfaces.

Smoking has taken on a new form. While the use of traditional cigarettes has declined, alternatives, such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or vaping, have been gaining popularity.

The use of 1% chlorhexidine in 1% thymol varnish may help decrease the risk of tooth decay in patients with poor dental hygiene.

Hypersensitivity in the orthodontic patient can be broadly categorized into two types: hard tissue hypersensitivity, commonly known as dentinal hypersensitivity, and soft tissue hypersensitivity, which is mainly caused by allergies to…

Host modulation adjunctive therapy is a treatment that potentially reduces tissue destruction by modifying host response factors.

Swimming is a popular sport in the United States. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, swimming is the fifth most popular form of exercise.

Air polishing as a device to remove extrinsic stain and dental plaque biofilm from the teeth first became available in 1976.

The standard clinical periodontal examination begins with the evaluation of clinical and radiographic signs and symptoms to determine the extent and severity of gingival and periodontal tissue damage.

Special care dentistry is the branch of oral health care that treats people with special needs, including those with physical, medical, developmental, or cognitive conditions that limit their ability to receive routine dental care.

Ultrasonic scalers and high-speed handpieces produce more airborne contamination than any other instrument in dentistry.